Consider the following subjects under the Constitution of India : I. List I-Union List, in the Seventh Schedule II. Extent of the executive power of a State III. Conditions of the Governor's office For a constitutional amendment with respect to which of the above, ratification by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States is required before presenting the bill to the President of India for assent?
A
I and II only
Correct Answer
B
II and III only
C
I and III only
D
I, II and III
Explanation
Under Article 368, amendments to provisions affecting the federal structure—such as any list in the Seventh Schedule (Subject I) and the extent of the executive power of the Union or States (Subject II)—require ratification by at least half of the State Legislatures. Subject III (Conditions of the Governor's office) is not included in the "entrenched" list under the proviso to Article 368(2) and can be amended by a special majority of Parliament alone. This question tests the **Amendment Procedure of the Constitution**, specifically the distinction between provisions requiring a special majority versus those requiring additional state ratification to safeguard the **federal character** of the Indian polity.
Amendment of the ConstitutionArticle 368 ProcedureArticle 368Constitutional AmendmentState RatificationSeventh ScheduleFederal Structure