Economically, one of the results of the British rule in India in the 19th century was the

The commercialization of Indian agriculture was a defining feature of the 19th century as the British forced a shift from subsistence farming to cash crops like cotton, indigo, and opium to feed global markets and ensure high land revenue. Conversely, option (a) is incorrect because British trade policies led to the "de-industrialization" and decline of Indian handicrafts rather than their growth. This question tests the core concept of the **Economic Impact of British Rule**, specifically the transformation of India into a colonial agrarian hinterland for the British industrial economy.