With reference to the Indian Parliament, consider the following statements : 1. A bill pending in the Lok Sabha lapses on its dissolution. 2. A bill passed by the Lok Sabha and pending in the Rajya Sabha lapses on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha. 3. A bill in regard to which the President of India notified his/her intention to summon the Houses to a joint sitting lapses on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Option (b) is correct because, under Article 107 of the Constitution, any bill pending in the Lok Sabha or passed by it but pending in the Rajya Sabha lapses upon the dissolution of the lower house. Statement 3 is incorrect—and thus options (c) and (d) are wrong—because a bill does not lapse if the President has already notified a joint sitting to resolve a deadlock before the dissolution occurs. The core concept being tested is the constitutional rules governing the continuity of legislative business and the specific conditions under which bills lapse or survive the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.