Consider the following statements : 1. There are no parables in Upanishads. 2. Upanishads were composed earlier than the Puranas. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Statement 2 is correct because the principal Upanishads (c. 800–500 BCE) are part of the Vedic Shruti literature and significantly predate the Puranas, which were mostly composed in their current form during the Gupta and post-Gupta periods (c. 3rd–10th century CE). Statement 1 is incorrect because Upanishads frequently employ parables and allegorical stories, such as the dialogue between Nachiketa and Yama in the Katha Upanishad or the story of Satyakama Jabala in the Chhandogya Upanishad, to explain metaphysical concepts. The core concept tested is the chronological sequence and literary style of ancient Indian philosophical and religious texts.