Consider the following pairs : Terms sometimes seen in the news : Their origin 1. Annex-I Countries : Cartagena Protocol 2. Certified Emissions Reductions : Nagoya Protocol 3. Clean Development Mechanism : Kyoto Protocol Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Pair 3 is correct because the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the three flexible, market-based mechanisms established under the Kyoto Protocol to help industrialized countries meet their emission reduction targets. Pairs 1 and 2 are incorrect because "Annex-I Countries" and "Certified Emissions Reductions" (CERs) are also integral components of the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol framework, whereas the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols specifically address biosafety and genetic resource sharing under the Convention on Biological Diversity. The core concept being tested is the functional distinction between international climate change treaties and biodiversity-related protocols.