Which one of the following statements about the Eka Movement and Bardoli Satyagraha is correct ?
A
The Eka Movement was throughout supported and organized by the Congress while Bardoli Satyagraha was initially independent of Congress influence and was only in the last stages supported by the Congress.
B
The Eka Movement was provided leadership by the taluqdars of Awadh, whereas the Bardoli Satyagraha was a movement of the landless labourers.
C
The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.
Correct answer
D
The Eka Movement was located in the Varanasi and Mirzapur districts of the present-day U.P., while the Bardoli Satyagraha took place in Saurashtra.
Explanation
The Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) in Surat district, Gujarat, led by Vallabhbhai Patel, opposed a steep increase in land revenue. The Eka (Unity) Movement (1921–22) in northern Awadh (Hardoi, Bahraich, Sitapur), led by Madari Pasi, protested rents far above the recorded amounts and illegal exactions by landlords. Option (a) reverses the movements' relation with the Congress, (b) is wrong because the taluqdars were the movement's targets, and (d) misplaces both movements, so (c) is correct.
Modern Indian HistoryPeasant movementsEka MovementBardoli SatyagrahaMadari PasiVallabhbhai PatelLand revenue