Consider the following : 1. Aarogya Setu 2. CoWIN 3. DigiLocker 4. DIKSHA Which of the above are built on top of open-source digital platforms ?

All four platforms—Aarogya Setu, CoWIN, DigiLocker, and DIKSHA—are built using open-source software or frameworks to ensure transparency, interoperability, and scalability as part of India's Digital Public Infrastructure. Option (b) is the most tempting wrong choice because candidates often assume Aarogya Setu is proprietary, whereas its source code was actually released on GitHub in 2020 to address privacy concerns. The core concept being tested is "Open Source Digital Public Goods," which refers to software that is freely available for anyone to inspect, modify, and enhance to build inclusive digital services.