UPSC 2020ScienceModerate

What is the importance of using Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in India ? 1. These vaccines are effective against pneumonia as well as meningitis and sepsis. 2. Dependence on antibiotics that are not effective against drug-resistant bacteria can be reduced. 3. These vaccines have no side effects and cause no allergic reactions. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
Correct Answer
C
3 only
D
1, 2 and 3

Explanation

(B) is correct because PCVs protect against various invasive diseases caused by *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, including meningitis and sepsis, while simultaneously reducing the demand for antibiotics, thereby mitigating the rise of drug-resistant bacteria. Option (D) is the most tempting wrong choice, but Statement 3 is factually incorrect as no vaccine is entirely free of potential side effects or the risk of allergic reactions. The core concept tested is the clinical efficacy and public health impact of conjugate vaccines in preventing multi-organ bacterial infections and addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Public HealthImmunization ProgramsPneumococcal Conjugate VaccinesPneumoniaMeningitisSepsisDrug-resistant bacteriaAntibiotic resistance

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