Consider the following communication technologies : 1. Closed-circuit Television 2. Radio Frequency Identification 3. Wireless Local Area Network Which of the above are considered Short-Range devices/technologies ?

All three technologies are classified as Short-Range Devices (SRDs) because they utilize low-power transmitters to communicate over limited distances, typically ranging from a few centimeters (RFID) to approximately 100 meters (WLAN and wireless CCTV). Option (B) is the most tempting wrong choice because candidates often associate CCTV with broad surveillance coverage, yet its underlying communication infrastructure is technically restricted to local, short-range links rather than wide-area networks. The core concept tested is the classification of communication technologies based on their operational range and signal propagation limits.