Consider the following pairs: Regions sometimes mentioned in news : Country 1. Catalonia : Spain 2. Crimea : Hungary 3. Mindanao : Philippines 4. Oromia : Nigeria Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Option (c) is correct because Catalonia is an autonomous region in Spain that held a high-profile independence referendum in 2017, and Mindanao is a region in the Philippines that faced significant conflict during the Marawi siege. Option (a) is a common error but is incorrect because Crimea is a peninsula in Ukraine (annexed by Russia), not Hungary, and Oromia is located in Ethiopia rather than Nigeria. The core concept being tested is the geographical identification of international geopolitical hotspots and regions experiencing civil unrest or territorial disputes frequently mentioned in global news.