In the context of vaccines manufactured to prevent COVID-19 pandemic, consider the following statements : 1. The Serum Institute of India produced COVID-19 vaccine named Covishield using mRNA platform. 2. Sputnik V vaccine is manufactured using vector based platform. 3. COVAXIN is an inactivated pathogen based vaccine. Which of the statements given above are correct ?

Option (B) is correct because Sputnik V utilizes a viral vector platform (adenovirus) and COVAXIN is an inactivated pathogen-based vaccine developed using a killed version of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Statement 1 is incorrect because Covishield is a viral vector vaccine (using a modified chimpanzee adenovirus), whereas mRNA technology was used by vaccines like Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. The core concept tested is the classification of vaccine technologies and the specific platforms used by major COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers.