Consider the following : 1. Bacteria 2. Fungi 3. Virus Which of the above can be cultured in artificial/synthetic medium?

Bacteria and fungi are cellular organisms with independent metabolic processes, allowing them to grow on artificial nutrient media like agar or broth. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that lack their own metabolic machinery and require a living host cell to replicate, making it impossible to culture them in synthetic media. The core concept tested is the fundamental biological distinction between cellular life forms and non-cellular viral entities.